Betamethasone and its derivatives, betamethasone sodium phosphate and betamethasone acetate, are synthetic glucocorticoids. Used for its antiinflammatory or immunosuppressive properties, betamethasone is combined with a mineralocorticoid to manage adrenal insufficiency and is used in the form of betamethasone benzoate, betamethasone dipropionate, or betamethasone valerate for the treatment of inflammation due to corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Betamethasone and clotrimazole are used together to treat cutaneous tinea infections. Betamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. This leads to changes in genetic expression once this complex binds to the GRE. The antiinflammatory actions of corticosteroids are thought to involve lipocortins, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins which, through inhibition arachidonic acid, control the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The immune system is suppressed by corticosteroids due to a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system, a reduction in immunoglobulin and complement concentrations, the precipitation of lymphocytopenia, and interference with antigen-antibody binding. Betamethasone binds to plasma transcortin, and it becomes active when it is not bound to transcortin.Betamethasone is used for: treating certain conditions associated with decreased adrenal gland function. It is used to treat severe inflammation caused by certain conditions, including severe asthma, severe allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, certain blood disorders, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and certain eye and skin conditions.

Bornyl valerate (aka Bornyl Pentanoate) is indexed by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (FEMA) and categorized as a spice. There has been little or no interest in studying the biological and pharmacological application of Bornyl valerate.

Valeric acid is a colorless, oily liquid with an unpleasant odor. It is highly corrosive and must be handled with care. Valeric acid is mainly used as a chemical intermediate to manufacture flavors and perfumes, synthetic lubricants, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a flavoring aid in foods. Valeric acid is considered safe as a food additive by the World Health Organization.

Ethyl valerate is a substance responsible for green apple flavor. It has various applications in the food and cosmetic industry.

Testosterone valerate, or testosterone pentanoate, is a synthetic, steroidal androgen. It is a short-to-medium duration C17β valerate ester of testosterone, with a terminal half-life of approximately twice that of the short-acting testosterone propionate. Testosterone valerate is available exclusively as a component of the veterinary drug Deposterona developed by Syntex Animal Health Company, which is marketed in Mexico. Deposterona also contains testosterone acetate and testosterone undecanoate and is used to treat impotence, weakness, fatigue and hypogonadism in male breeding animals (cows, pigs, canines, sheep), as well as a general protein-sparing anabolic. It is administered via intramuscular injection and acts as a long-lasting prodrug of testosterone. Esterified forms of testosterone are designed to prolong the window of therapeutic effect following administration, allowing for less frequent injection schedule compared to injections of unesterified steroid. Deposterona is also used for bodybuilding purposes in men and not recommended for women performance-enhancing purposes due to its strong androgenic nature, side effects, and slow-acting characteristics (making blood levels difficult to control). Deposterona is only known to be manufactured in Mexico. Because it contains a low concentration of steroid,this product is not in high demand, and not readily diverted for illicit sale.